Salmonella paratyphi B Sepsis with Secondary Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis in a Child

Abstract

Hemophagocytosis lymphohistiocytosis is a state of hyperinflammation with activated macrophages, cytokine storm and tissue destruction. It can be triggered by immune activation during infection. We report the case of an 8-year-old septic girl who presented with 8 days of fever, diarrhoea and splenomegaly. Laboratory abnormalities, blood and faeces cultures confirmed haemophagocytosis lymphohistiocytosis triggered by Salmonella paratyphi B infection, which has never been reported in children. We present a narrative review of the literature.